4.5.2(3). Auditieve ‘Evoked Potentials’ van hogere centra

4 Werking gehoor

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4.5.2.1(3) Elektrische en magnetische brainmapping en bronanalyse

Wanneer de over het schedeloppervlak gemeten elektrische potentiaalverdeling (c.q. de magnetische veldverdeling) wordt gecombineerd met een fysische beschrijving van het hoofd als driedimensionale volumegeleider (met gegeven geometrie en elektrische geleidbaarheden) is het mogelijk om een kwantitatieve schatting te maken van de plaats, de sterkte en de ruimtelijke oriëntatie van de onderliggende fysiologische (stroom)bron. De laatste wordt daarvoor conceptueel gereduceerd tot een dipool die equivalent is met het totaal aan werkelijke fysiologische activiteit. In de vectorcardiografie vindt men een soortgelijke benaderingen. De procedures hiervoor zoals ontwikkeld door Scherg (Scherg en von Cramon, 1985, 1986) worden momenteel op veel plaatsen gebruikt. Dit type bronanalyse kent in beginsel twee toepassingen, te weten fundamenteel onderzoek naar de neurale generatoren van verschillende responscomponenten zoals van MLR, LLR, MMN, P300, etc en het lokaliseren van laesies aan de hand van brainmaps van deze responsies.

Voor toepassing van ‘brainmapping’ bij ABR zie o.a. Grandori, 1986), bij MLR zie o.a. Kraus en McGee, 1988 en bij P300 zie o.a. Baran et al., 1988. Voor verdere informatie over brain mapping en bronanalyse wordt verwezen naar overzichtsliteratuur zoals verschenen in Grandori et al. (1990) en Hoke en Bock (1991).

In Fig.1 wordt op een fraaie wijze de nauwkeurigheid in plaats en tijd van MEG vergeleken met die van enkele andere afbeeldingstechnieken. Tevens is aangegeven de mate waarin de methode invasief is.

Fig.1.Vergelijking van de nauwkeurigheden in tijd en plaats van enkele afbeeldingstechnieken. Tevens is aangegeven de mate waarin de methode invasief is. IEEG staat voor Inracraniele EEG en MRS is Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (werkt op een manier die vergelijkbaar is met MRI). Een magnetische veldsterkte van 1 femtotesla is gelijk aan 10-15 T(esla).

 

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Auteur

Lamoré

Revisie

januari 2009